74.13 Eastern and Western Fronts 1915
A History of Europe16 Kesä 2023

74.13 Eastern and Western Fronts 1915

For the Germans, 1915 was a year that should not have been. Their whole strategy had been based on a quick war, but they now found themselves embroiled in a two-front war – on the eastern front against Russia, and on the western front against France fully mobilised and also Britain.

Throughout 1915, in a succession of attacks of increasing intensity, the various armies learned the techniques of the new kind of war at very heavy cost.

In February 1915, Germany launched the Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes with an attack on the Russians in East Prussia. Meanwhile, the Austrians attempted to push deep back into Galicia, with huge numbers of casualties on all sides.


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49.5 Anglo-Spanish War 1585-1604

49.5 Anglo-Spanish War 1585-1604

The famous Spanish Armada of 1588 was only one of several battles in the Anglo-Spanish War of 1585-1604. Elizabeth hoped to take advantage of her victory by striking another blow to the Spanish fleet but in truth her own forces were exhausted. The conflict continued for several more years, and became embroiled in continental affairs; the Dutch Revolt and rise of Henry IV of France. Finally, I look at the legacies of Philip II of Spain and Elizabeth I of England Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

9 Elo 201930min

49.4 The Spanish Armada 1588

49.4 The Spanish Armada 1588

The famous attempted invasion of England by the Spanish Armada in 1588 Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

2 Elo 201931min

49.3 Spain Fights Back against the Dutch Rebels

49.3 Spain Fights Back against the Dutch Rebels

The Duke of Parma (pictured), sent by Philip II of Spain, makes good progress putting down tough resistance in the Dutch Revolt. Spanish success prompts Elizabeth I to get more involved Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

19 Heinä 201920min

49.2 The Dutch Revolt Begins

49.2 The Dutch Revolt Begins

Origins of the Dutch Revolt (1568–1648). Philip II of Spain inherits the Netherlands, the Kingdom of Naples and the newly discovered Americas as well as the Iberian Peninsula. Unrest breaks out in the Netherlands, and resistance grows against Philip's rule. Meanwhile, Anglo-Spanish relations are further strained by the discovery of a Spanish plot to kill Queen Elizabeth, the Ridolfi plotPictured: Philip of Spain and William of Orange, leader of the revolt Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

5 Heinä 201918min

49.1 The Reign of Mary of England and Philip Habsburg

49.1 The Reign of Mary of England and Philip Habsburg

The kingdoms of England and Spain are allies during the reign of Mary I of England and her husband Philip Habsburg, son of Emperor Charles V. Mary, however, dies childless and is succeeded by her sister Elizabeth, a Protestant. Meanwhile Mary Queen of Scots is briefly Queen of France, but on the death of her husband returns to Scotland, causing a dilemma for Queen Elizabeth. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

28 Kesä 201927min

48.1 Interview with Jacob F. Field

48.1 Interview with Jacob F. Field

Something different this week - an interview with historian and author Jacob F. Field, whose works include:One Bloody Thing After Another: The World's Gruesome HistoryWe Shall Fight on the Beaches: The Speeches That Inspired HistoryAnd more recently - A History of Europe in Bite Sized Chunks Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

26 Huhti 201934min

47.4 French Wars of Religion - Conclusion

47.4 French Wars of Religion - Conclusion

Conclusion of the French Wars of Religion. On the death of all four sons of Catherine de Medici, the Valois dynasty dies out, leaving a committed Protestant, Henry of Navarre, as heir to the throne. He would go on to become Henry IV, founder of the Bourbon dynasty and one of France's greatest kings.https://aca.st/370288 Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

19 Huhti 201924min

47.3 St Bartholomew's Day Massacre

47.3 St Bartholomew's Day Massacre

Fighting breaks out in France between Protestants and Catholics in a series of conflicts known as the French Wars of Religion. The most infamous event of all is the St Bartholomew's Day Massacre 1572 Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

12 Huhti 201916min

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