What the EU aims to achieve with its carbon border tax proposal

The EU proposed a carbon border adjustment mechanism in 2021 as part of a broad climate package designed to reduce carbon emissions by 55% from 1990 levels by 2030. This mechanism — widely known as 'CBAM' — would put a tariff on imports of carbon-intensive goods.

The proposed regulation aims to prevent EU-based companies from moving production to other jurisdictions with less stringent climate regulation (also known as 'carbon leakage'). It also aims to avoid imports of carbon-intensive products to the detriment of EU companies. CBAM will be phased in from 2023 if approved by the European Parliament and EU member states, so companies are already putting measures in place to ensure they adhere to the potential new rules, says Yaroslav Alekseyev, a partner at law firm Linklaters, in this episode of the ESG Insider podcast.

Some experts believe CBAM will encourage other jurisdictions to set carbon prices.

"If a company from a country outside of the EU wants to export products into the European Union market, they will have pay that CBAM at the border if they don't have a domestic carbon price that is high enough," says Sanjay Patnaik, director of the Center on Regulation and Markets at Washington, D.C.-based think tank the Brookings Institution. "That could really set incentives around the world."

But some industrial sectors are not convinced. We hear tom Emanuele Manigrassi, the public affairs manager at trade group European Aluminium, who says the aluminium sector does not believe CBAM will support low-carbon production. His organization is calling for CBAM to be tested before it is introduced.

We'd love to hear from you! To give us feedback on this episode or share ideas for future episodes, please contact hosts Lindsey Hall (lindsey.white@spglobal.com) and Esther Whieldon (esther.whieldon@spglobal.com).

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