64.2 Russo-Turkish War 1788 and the Reforms of Joseph II
A History of Europe31 Joulu 2021

64.2 Russo-Turkish War 1788 and the Reforms of Joseph II

The Origins of the French Revolutionary Wars can be dated to 17th August 1787, when in Constantinople the Ottomans arrested the Russian ambassador Count Bulgakov in the Topkapi palace, and declared war on St Petersburg. Catherine the Great had deliberately provoked the Turks and now dragged in the reluctant Austrians into the war. The Austrian Emperor was Joseph II, the archetypal enlightened despot, who worked hard to reform his empire but from the top down. His reforms provoked the so-called Brabantine Revolution 1789-90 in the Netherlands which was similar in some ways to the contemporary French Revolution.


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Music from Joseph Haydn (Symphony 94, 'Surpise'), Christoph Gluck (the opera 'Iphigenie En Tauride') and Mozart (the Turkish March), courtesy of www.musopen.org


Picture - January Suchodolski - the Siege of Ochakov 1788

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53.2 The Swedish Deluge, Poland 1655

53.2 The Swedish Deluge, Poland 1655

A Cossack uprising breaks out in 1648 partly a response to local grievances but also an attempt to retain a degree of autonomy. However, by appealing to Moscow for help, Bohadan Khmelnitsky triggers the invasion of Sweden as well as Russia, which ultimately caused devastation, and the beginning of the end of Poland as a major power. The events are known as the Swedish Deluge, or just the Deluge in Poland, and as ‘the Ruin’ in Ukrainian historywww.patreon.com/historyeuropeMusic Courtesy of musopen.orgMazurka in C sharp minorPolonaise in A flat major Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

2 Loka 202023min

53.1 Khmelnitsky Cossack Rebellion 1648

53.1 Khmelnitsky Cossack Rebellion 1648

First Part of a series 'The Ruin and the Deluge' on the turbulent late 17th century of eastern Europe. In 1648 the Cossacks start a major rebellion against their Polish overlords. In an attempt to retain autonomy for his people, the Cossack leader Bohdan Khmelnitsky (pictured) appeals to Tsar Alexis of Moscow for helpwww.patreon.com/historyeuropeMusic courtesy of musopen.org. Composer: Frederic ChopinNocturne in B flat minor, Op.9 no.1Mazurka in C sharp minor, Op.6 no.2Polonaise, Op. 71 no.1 Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

25 Syys 202023min

52.3 The English Civil War

52.3 The English Civil War

The English Civil War Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

28 Elo 202029min

52.2 Build-up the English Civil War

52.2 Build-up the English Civil War

Build-up to the English Civil War, with growing tensions between King Charles I and the ParliamentMusic: John Dowland - Lachrimae, or Seven Tears; Lassus - Susanne un jour (piano); Thoinot Arbeau - Orchésographie - Pavane: Belle qui tiens ma viePicture: Attempted Arrest of the Five members, by Charles West Cope Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

21 Elo 202029min

52.1 King James I of England (VI of Scotland)

52.1 King James I of England (VI of Scotland)

Part 1 on the English Civil War. The reign of the first Stuart king of England, James I (James VI of Scotland) was relatively calm, but there were religious tensions, including the Gunpowder Plot 1605, and disagreements with parliament, which presaged the later troubles of his son Charles IMusic: Orlando Gibbons, Silver Swan Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

14 Elo 202021min

51.7 Peace of Westphalia

51.7 Peace of Westphalia

Last decade of the Thirty Years War - French, Swedish, Spanish, German, and imperial armies fight to gain strategic advantage in a central Europe already devastated by many years of conflict and pillaging. Finally in 1648 the sides agree to the Peace of Westphalia.Music: Claudio Monteverdi - Lamento della ninfa, 1638, dedicated to Emperor Ferdinand III Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

17 Heinä 202035min

51.6 The French Enter the Thirty Years War

51.6 The French Enter the Thirty Years War

The French, her foreign policy led by Cardinal Richelieu, enter the Thirty Years War after the Battle of Lutzen 1632Music: Giovanni Paolo Cima - O Dulcedo Meliflua, 1610 Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

10 Heinä 202020min

51.5 Battle of Lutzen 1632

51.5 Battle of Lutzen 1632

Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, launches a stunning attack into Germany and dramatically turns the tide of the Thirty Years War, concluding at the Battle of Lutzen 1632 Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

3 Heinä 202027min

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