189 - A German priest complains and a new emperor

189 - A German priest complains and a new emperor

Of course! Here's the revised version of the summary show notes with key words and phrases bolded for emphasis:


In this episode, we explore the turbulent political and religious landscape of Italy and Europe in the late 1510s—a pivotal prelude to the Protestant Reformation.

🔹 Power Shifts in Europe

  • 1516: Ferdinand of Aragon dies; Charles of Habsburg inherits Spain.
  • Peace between Charles and Francis I of France stabilizes Italy (Treaty of Noyon).
  • Venice regains its former territories after years of conflict but remains battered by war, fire, and the growing threat from the Turks.

🔹 Venetian & Papal Affairs

  • Venice establishes its first Jewish ghetto in 1516.
  • Pope Leo X (Medici) loses his brother Giuliano and elevates his nephew politically at great expense.
  • A conspiracy against Pope Leo is uncovered; Cardinal Alfonso Petrucci is executed, and Leo reshapes the College of Cardinals.

🔹 Money, Indulgences, and a Basilica

  • Facing financial strain from wars and plans to renovate St. Peter's Basilica, Pope Leo X turns to selling indulgences.
  • Indulgences were marketed as spiritual compensation through charitable donations—often misunderstood as a full forgiveness of sins.

🔹 Enter Martin Luther

  • Johann Tetzel promotes indulgences in German lands.
  • In response, Martin Luther writes the 95 Theses (1517), challenging the practice—marking the start of the Reformation.
  • Initially respectful of the pope, Luther’s criticism intensifies over time.
  • Protected by Frederick the Wise of Saxony, Luther avoids papal punishment.

🔹 Political Undercurrents

  • Pope Leo X hesitates to act against Luther due to the upcoming Holy Roman Emperor election.
  • 1519: Charles of Habsburg, already King of Spain, is elected Holy Roman Emperor, uniting a vast global empire.

Jaksot(288)

057 – Hadrian and Frederick's troubles in Rome

057 – Hadrian and Frederick's troubles in Rome

1154 - 1155 Hadrian IV tries to come to terms with the Roman commune and its moral leader, Arnaldo da Brescia, but the results are not quite as they expected

30 Heinä 201919min

056 – Communal growing pains, an English pope and Barbarossa on the scene

056 – Communal growing pains, an English pope and Barbarossa on the scene

The communes start to feel they need some admin changes. We go from pope Eugene III through an Anastasius for a bit to the major hitter Hadrian IV. All the while Frederick Barbarossa starts to come into play

23 Heinä 201921min

Fill in episode – Women's world cup and how offsides came to Pulaski, VA

Fill in episode – Women's world cup and how offsides came to Pulaski, VA

While still doing a little dillying and a touch of dallying, we take a moment to look at the recent Women's Fifa soccer world cup and relive some soccer memories from the great state of Virginia.

12 Heinä 201914min

Fill-in episode  – A trip to Puglia and listener questions

Fill-in episode – A trip to Puglia and listener questions

While waiting to get back on track, we take a virtual trip to Puglia and answer some listener questions and comments

3 Heinä 201917min

055 – A new Roman Republic and a kind-of crusade

055 – A new Roman Republic and a kind-of crusade

1143 - 1147 n the first half of the 12th century, with communes popping up like mushrooms, Rome wasn't just gonna sit back and let them have all the fun. However, if there's something about Rome, it's that there is always a pope around.

13 Kesä 201919min

054 – A troubled new kingdom and cantankerous communes

054 – A troubled new kingdom and cantankerous communes

1130 - 1143 We accompany Duke Roger of Sicily, Puglia and Calabria in his attempt to set up a kingdom before we take a look around our spanking new communes.

7 Kesä 201922min

053 – Guelfs, Ghibellines and Normans with big ideas

053 – Guelfs, Ghibellines and Normans with big ideas

1122 - 1130 We finally get back to the chronological narration of Italian history, popping in to see a new Holy Roman Emperor, a new pope, or couple of popes and catch up with the ambitious Normans

29 Touko 201923min

052 – A wander around in the early 12th century

052 – A wander around in the early 12th century

Having set up the start of the communes, we take a look at what it would be like to wander around an Italian city in the early 12th century

21 Touko 201921min

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