189 - A German priest complains and a new emperor

189 - A German priest complains and a new emperor

Of course! Here's the revised version of the summary show notes with key words and phrases bolded for emphasis:


In this episode, we explore the turbulent political and religious landscape of Italy and Europe in the late 1510s—a pivotal prelude to the Protestant Reformation.

🔹 Power Shifts in Europe

  • 1516: Ferdinand of Aragon dies; Charles of Habsburg inherits Spain.
  • Peace between Charles and Francis I of France stabilizes Italy (Treaty of Noyon).
  • Venice regains its former territories after years of conflict but remains battered by war, fire, and the growing threat from the Turks.

🔹 Venetian & Papal Affairs

  • Venice establishes its first Jewish ghetto in 1516.
  • Pope Leo X (Medici) loses his brother Giuliano and elevates his nephew politically at great expense.
  • A conspiracy against Pope Leo is uncovered; Cardinal Alfonso Petrucci is executed, and Leo reshapes the College of Cardinals.

🔹 Money, Indulgences, and a Basilica

  • Facing financial strain from wars and plans to renovate St. Peter's Basilica, Pope Leo X turns to selling indulgences.
  • Indulgences were marketed as spiritual compensation through charitable donations—often misunderstood as a full forgiveness of sins.

🔹 Enter Martin Luther

  • Johann Tetzel promotes indulgences in German lands.
  • In response, Martin Luther writes the 95 Theses (1517), challenging the practice—marking the start of the Reformation.
  • Initially respectful of the pope, Luther’s criticism intensifies over time.
  • Protected by Frederick the Wise of Saxony, Luther avoids papal punishment.

🔹 Political Undercurrents

  • Pope Leo X hesitates to act against Luther due to the upcoming Holy Roman Emperor election.
  • 1519: Charles of Habsburg, already King of Spain, is elected Holy Roman Emperor, uniting a vast global empire.

Jaksot(288)

032 – Saxons to Salians and a fake news legend

032 – Saxons to Salians and a fake news legend

1024 - 1037 We look at the passage from Henry II to Conrad and look at the trouble caused for the new emperor by Bishop Aribert of Milan while he tries to consolidate his hold on Italy with the help of Bonifacio of Canossa and the new pope.

18 Loka 201821min

031 – A rebellion in the south, a lion in the north and how Henry II got on

031 – A rebellion in the south, a lion in the north and how Henry II got on

1009 - 1024 We take a look at a forgotten rebellion in the south of Italy headed by an apple tree, check in with the Canossa family to observe their growing power in the north and then see how Holy Roman emperor Henry II got on when he made his way across the Alps.

10 Loka 201821min

Special: The massacre of Monte Sole

Special: The massacre of Monte Sole

Between the 29th September and 5th October 1944, the Nazi occupiers of Italy, along with their Fascist allies, rounded up and killed almost 800 civilians, mostly elderly, women and children in the worst single episode of violence against the civilian population in Western Europe. The massacre occurred on the slopes of Monte Sole, south of Bologna.

30 Syys 201819min

030 – Saxons, Saracens, Sardinia

030 – Saxons, Saracens, Sardinia

We leave Henry II waiting for a moment to look at the increasing Saracen raids in the early 11th century before taking a look at the unique history of the Sardinian "Giudicati".

26 Syys 201820min

029 –  New millennium, nationalist myths, same old mess

029 – New millennium, nationalist myths, same old mess

1002 - 1013 As a new millennium dawns on the Italian pensala, we see that nothing much has changed, at least for the moment, as we see Henry II of Bavaria attempting to take power in Italy and then become emperor.

16 Syys 201817min

Special: 8th September 1943, from infamy to resistance

Special: 8th September 1943, from infamy to resistance

To commemorate the 75th anniversary of the armistice between the Italian government and the allied forces we look at the fateful day the armistice was announced and the consequences for the Italian forces and people.

10 Syys 201818min

028 – The year 1000 and life for the average Giuseppe

028 – The year 1000 and life for the average Giuseppe

After our recap episode, we take a look at the attitudes towards the year 1000 and have a look at what daily life was like for people around that year.

3 Syys 201817min

NC 003 – Identity crisis of a Brexit victim

NC 003 – Identity crisis of a Brexit victim

We explore the concept of national identity and pride and look at additive rather than subtractive human pride.

30 Elo 20189min

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