74.3 The Red Sultan and the Young Turks Revolution

The French army invades Russia. The Russians retreat deep into their own territory then confront the French at the inconclusive Battle of Borodino of September 1812. Napoleon leads his men into Moscow but is forced to abandon the city and return westwards in the middle of winter, resulting in devastating losses. The anti-French coalition regain the initiative at the huge Battle of the Nations and finally at the Battle of Waterloo.www.patreon.com/historyeuropewww.historyeurope.netMusic composed by Beethoven; Moonlight Sonata and Symphony No.6 in F major. Courtesy of musopen.org Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

18 Mars 202227min

The French invade Prussia and capture its capital Berlin, and then move into Poland and take Warsaw. Napoleon and Tsar Alexander then agreed the Treaties of Tilsit. The greatest resistance to French dominance comes from the Spanish, aided by the British under the command of the Duke of Wellington.www.patreon.com/historyeuropewww.historyeurope.netMusic from Beethoven - Symphony Nr 5, courtesy of www.musopen.orgPicture: Charles Meynier - Entrée de Napoléon à Berlin, 27 Octobre 1806 Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

11 Mars 202227min

Peace could potentially have lasted after the treaties of Lunéville and Amiens of 1801 and 1802 had the great powers accepted each others’ spheres of influence. However, the agreements turned out to be just a short truce. Napoleon’s continued annexations in Europe and apparent ambitions in the Mediterranean and Near East alarmed the British and Russians. The French suffer defeat at Trafalgar but manage to occupy Vienna. The Russians then withdrew back eastwards, while the Austrians hastened to make peacewww.patreon.com/historyeuropewww.historyeurope.netMusic from Beethoven - Symphony Nr 3 'Eroica', played by Czech National Symphony Orchestra, courtesy of www.musopen.orgPicture: Jacques-Louis David - The Emperor_Napoleon in His Study at the Tuilerie Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

4 Mars 202222min

Napoleon leads the French into Egypt but is defeated at the Battle of the Nile by the British. Afterwards the Russians and Austrians push back against the French in Italy, but then suffer a reverse at the Battle of Marengo. Marengo turned out arguably to be the most important victory of Napoleon’s career. Had he lost the battle, he would have lost the war and probably the consulship. Instead his narrow win secured his job and won him Italy.www.patreon.com/historyeuropewww.historyeurope.netMusic from Mozart - March in D major; Violin Concerto no. 3 in G major, II. Adagio, courtesy of www.musopen.orgPicture - Jacques-Louis David - Napoleon Crossing the Alps Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

28 Jan 202221min

The French invade Belgium in 1794 and the Netherlands in 1795. The coalition against them starts to fall apart as individual members came to terms. Russia, Prussia and Austria are distracted by their partitioning of Poland, which is wiped off the map.Next the French invade Austria and Italy, the Italian campaign led by a promising young commander Napoleon Bonaparte.www.patreon.com/historyeuropewww.historyeurope.netMusic from Mozart (Symphony no. 40 'Prague'), courtesy of www.musopen.orgPicture - Louis-François, Baron Lejeune - The Battle of Lodi 1796 Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

21 Jan 202227min

A French military victory at Valmy in 1792 and the execution of Louis XVI in January 1793 focused the growing concern across Europe about the radical new regime in Paris. The true revolutionary nature of events in France was dawning on everyone, including the possibility of the export of the revolutionary principles. In France, there was further political turmoil in 1793 with the coming to power of Maximilien Robespierre, who embarked on a fully fledged reign of TerrorMusic - Mozart's Clarinet Concerto in A major, I. AllegroPicture - Battle of Jemmapes, by Raymond Desvarraux Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

14 Jan 202220min

The French king from 1774, Louis XVI, was poorly equipped for the role of national leader at a difficult time. His tragedy was that he had good intentions and a strong sense of responsibility. But he was shy and awkward and lacked the required political skills and charisma. Decades of failure for the French in foreign and domestic affairs, resulted in a profound crisis of legitimacy for the monarchy, resulting in the famous revolution of 1789www.patreon.com/historyeuropewww.historyeurope.netMusic from Hector Berlioz (Symphonie Fantastique), courtesy of www.musopen.orgPicture - Jean-Pierre Houël - The storming of the Bastille, July 14, 1789 Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

7 Jan 202227min

The Origins of the French Revolutionary Wars can be dated to 17th August 1787, when in Constantinople the Ottomans arrested the Russian ambassador Count Bulgakov in the Topkapi palace, and declared war on St Petersburg. Catherine the Great had deliberately provoked the Turks and now dragged in the reluctant Austrians into the war. The Austrian Emperor was Joseph II, the archetypal enlightened despot, who worked hard to reform his empire but from the top down. His reforms provoked the so-called Brabantine Revolution 1789-90 in the Netherlands which was similar in some ways to the contemporary French Revolution. www.patreon.com/historyeuropewww.historyeurope.netMusic from Joseph Haydn (Symphony 94, 'Surpise'), Christoph Gluck (the opera 'Iphigenie En Tauride') and Mozart (the Turkish March), courtesy of www.musopen.orgPicture - January Suchodolski - the Siege of Ochakov 1788 Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

31 Dec 202131min