#3 Life Beyond: Extreme Depth Journey to the Alien & Extraterrestrials of the Abyss | Space DOCUMENTARY

🌍 The ocean is one of nature's most beautiful gems. It is home to an incredibly beautiful and rich flora and fauna.
Since the beginning of human history, men have been closely linked to the sea and passionate about this blue immensity. The underwater depths are all the more coveted and fascinating as they still remain a mystery despite all the technical inventions we are capable of.
Man can travel on land, on sea, in the air and even in the universe. He has walked on the moon, observed and studied many planets thanks to state-of-the-art tools. Man's knowledge of the environment that surrounds him has become more and more extensive over the centuries.
For all that, there is still one great unknown in this equation of human knowledge: the ocean in its vastness.


🔥 As a reminder, videos are published on SUNDAYS at 6:00 PM.


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💥 Oceanic Deep Voyage:
- In these ocean depths, hydrothermal springs (hot water source due to cracks near the magma) allow bacteria to proliferate. These bacteria transform chemical compounds into sugars that other marine species can feed on. Millions of animals depend entirely on the work of these bacteria. They are the only ones able to produce organic matter.

Our knowledge is still very limited on the subject, but we already count more than 600 species living near these sources. The further away from these springs, the more deserted the regions are. The oceanic geysers are the only nutritive sources for many animals.

The order is perfectly established around the hydrothermal vents. At the closest point to the vents, the temperature is between 40 and 100 °C. As you can imagine, not all species can survive under such heat. Some worms are perfectly equipped for this. This is the case of the Pompeii worm. Man named it after the ashes that fall on it all the time. This worm is quite different from the tube worm that we met in the abyssal zone. This one has a digestive system, a mouth, an anus and even a nervous system and a brain.

A little further, where the water oscillates between 10 and 35 °C, we find again worms which live in colony like the tube worm. Around this area, many marine animals use symbiosis to survive. Bacteria use the sulfides in the water to produce energy and sugar. They create micro-organisms that allow other species of mollusks, crabs, mussels or shrimps to survive. We also meet other fish, such as the hydrothermal lycode which feeds on these marine species. It is one of the few fishes to adapt to such living conditions. Its body is white and without scales. It always swims close to the bottom, slowly.

Other species have managed to find techniques to feed themselves, but also to save a maximum of energy. Life at this depth requires an extreme adaptation. Some shrimps for example are blind and do not use their digestive tract. They fix all the energy at the level of the head in order not to draw too much from their vital resources. They consume the bacteria of their own organism.
The yeti crab, on the other hand, uses the silk of its claws to collect the bacteria it feeds on. The symbiont is therefore outside its host.



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🎬 On the agenda today:
- 00:00 - Introduction
- 02:07 - Announcement
- 02:42 - The abyss, between myth and reality
- 13:00 - Discovering the deep sea
- 20:30 - Descent into the abyss
- 21:05 - Epipelagic zone
- 28:15 - Mesopelagic zone
- 37:30 - Bathyal zone
- 41:48 - Abyssal zone
- 45:43 - Hadopelagial
- 51:50 - Mountain ranges and marine volcanoes
- 54:18 - Hydrothermal vents, an oasis of life
- 58:35 - Marianas Trench
- 01:01:00 - Ocean floor, a jewel of nature to be cared for


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