The Almost-Industrial Revolutions of Rome and China

The Almost-Industrial Revolutions of Rome and China

Erik Torenberg and Samo Burja discuss the potential industrial revolutions in history, particularly in the Roman Empire and Song Dynasty China, their technological advancements, economic factors, and the reasons these revolutions didn't reach full fruition.


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LINKS:
Las Medulas in Spain: https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/803/
Monte Testaccio in Rome: https://www.historyskills.com/classroom/ancient-history/monte-testaccio/?srsltid=AfmBOoonzF0CVGKjzUFs46kkI9fZ-FVcBTDOMAVs8vtFcxH4iKcNx09f

Bismarck Analysis: https://brief.bismarckanalysis.com/


X / TWITTER:
@samoburja
@eriktorenberg
@turpentinemedia


HIGHLIGHTS FROM THE EPISODE:

  • Erik Torenberg and Samo Burja discuss "failed industrial revolutions" throughout history that aren't as widely recognized as the modern Industrial Revolution.
  • Contrary to the common belief of constant economic progress, human history has shown societies getting richer and then poorer in cycles.
  • The Roman Empire experienced an industrial revolution different from our modern understanding.
  • Roman slavery wasn't the reason they didn't industrialize further, as slaves became expensive in later periods.
  • Water power was extensively utilized by Romans for milling flour, ironworks, sawing wood, and cutting marble at industrial scales.
  • Romans employed sophisticated engineering, using aqueducts to transport water for power generation in various mechanical applications.
  • Archaeological evidence reveals hundreds of sites where Romans harnessed water power through complex waterwheel systems.
  • Romans understood the concept of using heat to generate motion, as demonstrated by Heron of Alexandria's steam engine experiment.
  • The scale of Roman metal production was so vast it left detectable lead pollution signatures in Greenland ice cores.
  • Monte Testaccio in Rome, an artificial hill composed entirely of broken pottery fragments, represents industrial-scale production of approximately 53 million amphoras.
  • Romans mass-produced standardized items including pottery, glassware, statues, and military equipment with interchangeable parts.
  • The Roman economy featured a sophisticated consumer market with a significant middle class that purchased mass-produced goods.
  • This era is underappreciated partly because it's concerning that a society on an industrialization trajectory could be interrupted.
  • Hollywood's portrayal of the era as merely "swords and sandals" fails to capture the advanced mechanical elements that would have appeared almost "steampunk" to modern eyes.
  • Roman cities like Alexandria were not just centers of taxation but significant production hubs with globalized trade networks.
  • The Roman Empire might have easily adopted more advanced steam power if they had needed to dig more coal, but their abundant wood and other fuel sources made it unnecessary.
  • Song Dynasty China in the 12th century represents another advanced technological society that still fell to military challenges despite its innovations.
  • Large-scale shipping over water appears to be a crucial prerequisite for industrialization in all these historical cases.
  • Industrial revolutions may plateau when growth of non-technological factors (population, territory) fails to keep pace with technological advancement.
  • The Hellenistic era (particularly Alexandria) is described as "the birthplace of modern science" and worthy of further discussion.

Avsnitt(53)

The Politicization of History

The Politicization of History

On this episode of Live Players, Samo Burja and Erik Torenberg discuss the way we misunderstand or skew history. They cover the Bronze Age, Europe's Decline, Russia/Ukraine conflict, and more. If you need an ecommerce platform, check out our sponsor Shopify: https://shopify.com/momentofzen for a $1/month trial period.Live Players is part of the Turpentine podcast network. Learn more: www.turpentine.co-RECOMMENDED PODCAST: History 102 with WhatifAltHistEvery week, creator of WhatifAltHist Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg cover a major topic in history in depth -- in under an hour. This season will cover classical Greece, early America, the Vikings, medieval Islam, ancient China, the fall of the Roman Empire, and more.Subscribe on Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/36Kqo3BMMUBGTDo1IEYihmApple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/history-102-with-whatifalthists-rudyard-lynch-and/id1730633913YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@History102-qg5oj---We're hiring across the board at Turpentine and for Erik's personal team on other projects he's incubating. He's hiring a Chief of Staff, EA, Head of Special Projects, Investment Associate, and more. For a list of JDs, check out: eriktorenberg.com.---SPONSORS: HARMONIC | SHOPIFY🧲 Learn why Craft, Bedrock, NEA and 100s more trust Harmonic’s data to source deals. Harmonic is the most complete startup database, finding new companies as soon as they incorporate and tracking them through IPO. Head to https://bit.ly/harmonicturpentine and make sure to mention Turpentine VC during your demo.SHOPIFY: https://shopify.com/momentofzen for a $1/month trial periodShopify is the global commerce platform that helps you sell at every stage of your business. Shopify powers 10% of all e-commerce in the US. And Shopify’s the global force behind Allbirds, Rothy’s, and Brooklinen, and 1,000,000s of other entrepreneurs across 175 countries. From their all-in-one e-commerce platform, to their in-person POS system – wherever and whatever you’re selling, Shopify’s got you covered. With free Shopify Magic, sell more with less effort by whipping up captivating content that converts – from blog posts to product descriptions using AI. Sign up for $1/month trial period: https://shopify.com/momentofzen—LINKS:Samo’s Bismarck Brief: https://brief.bismarckanalysis.com/—TIMESTAMPS:(00:00) Intro(00:50) Technological Backsliding in Civilizations(01:59) The Mystery of Greek Fire(04:24) The Late Bronze Age Collapse(11:03) The Impact of Civilizational Failure(11:17) Predicting Centralization and Decentralization(12:30) The Fall of the Soviet Union(18:00) Sponsor: Shopify(19:37) The Future of Europe(21:49) The Role of the United States(25:10) The Potential of a Federal Europe(27:20) The Digital Cold War(28:40) The Rise of AI in Europe(29:29) Key Players in Europe's AI Scene(29:38) The Role of Macron and Orban in Europe's AI Development(30:16) The Potential of Eastern European Countries(32:41) The Future of Western and Northern Europe(33:41) Understanding Orban's Policies(33:50) The Demographic Challenges in Eastern Europe(36:13) The Impact of Nationalism and Cultural Conceptions(41:02) The Russia-Ukraine Conflict(50:10) The Influence of Politics on Historical Understanding(56:08) Revisiting the History of North America

27 Dec 20231h

Why Our Civilization Could Fail and What To Do About It

Why Our Civilization Could Fail and What To Do About It

On today's episode of Live Players, Samo Burja, shares his theory of long history, suggesting complex societies in human history is much older than traditionally assumed. He and Erik Torenberg discuss the implications of understanding ancient societies in the broader context of human behavior, power structures, China, the US, and A.I. existential risk. If you need an ecommerce platform, check out our sponsor Shopify: https://shopify.com/momentofzen for a $1/month trial period.Live Players is part of the Turpentine podcast network. Learn more: www.turpentine.co-RECOMMENDED PODCAST: History 102 with WhatifAltHistEvery week, creator of WhatifAltHist Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg cover a major topic in history in depth -- in under an hour. This season will cover classical Greece, early America, the Vikings, medieval Islam, ancient China, the fall of the Roman Empire, and more.Subscribe on Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/36Kqo3BMMUBGTDo1IEYihmApple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/history-102-with-whatifalthists-rudyard-lynch-and/id1730633913YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@History102-qg5oj---We're hiring across the board at Turpentine and for Erik's personal team on other projects he's incubating. He's hiring a Chief of Staff, EA, Head of Special Projects, Investment Associate, and more. For a list of JDs, check out: eriktorenberg.com.---SPONSORS: HARMONIC | SHOPIFY🧲 Learn why Craft, Bedrock, NEA and 100s more trust Harmonic’s data to source deals. Harmonic is the most complete startup database, finding new companies as soon as they incorporate and tracking them through IPO. Head to https://bit.ly/harmonicturpentine and make sure to mention Turpentine VC during your demo.SHOPIFY: https://shopify.com/momentofzen for a $1/month trial periodShopify is the global commerce platform that helps you sell at every stage of your business. Shopify powers 10% of all e-commerce in the US. And Shopify’s the global force behind Allbirds, Rothy’s, and Brooklinen, and 1,000,000s of other entrepreneurs across 175 countries. From their all-in-one e-commerce platform, to their in-person POS system – wherever and whatever you’re selling, Shopify’s got you covered. With free Shopify Magic, sell more with less effort by whipping up captivating content that converts – from blog posts to product descriptions using AI. Sign up for $1/month trial period: https://shopify.com/momentofzen---LINKS:- Samo's article in Palladium Magazine: https://www.palladiummag.com/2021/05/17/why-civilization-is-older-than-we-thought/- Samo’s Bismarck Brief: https://brief.bismarckanalysis.com/---X / TWITTER:@eriktorenberg@samoburja@turpentinemedia---TIMESTAMPS:(00:00) Episode Intro(00:26) Samo explains what long history is (the idea that human history has been far longer than previously believed)(02:16) Why civilization is older than we thought(07:27) The response of historians and archeologists and revision of general theories(14:24) The implications of having a new understanding of history and why would it matter(21:16) Sponsor: Shopify(22:56) Why do civilizations rise and fall?(31:04) The Downfall of Advanced Civilizations(31:37) The Role of Mythology in Modern Society(35:01) The Impact of Social Technologies on Civilizations(37:44) The Similarities Between the US and China(43:31) The Risks of Population Decline(47:33) The Role of Fertility in Society(53:21) Fertility, feminism, and anti-feminism

20 Dec 202357min

What We Can Learn From Henry Kissinger

What We Can Learn From Henry Kissinger

On today's episode of Live Players, Samo Burja and Erik Torenberg discuss the legacy of Henry Kissinger. They define Kissinger's unique brand of international relations and evaluate his career through the lens of the current culture wars.Live Players is part of the Turpentine podcast network. Learn more: www.turpentine.co---Check out Erik's new show Request for Startups featuring a rotating cast of founders and investors (including Dan) sharing their requests for startups they want to exist in the world, and also their stories of navigating the idea maze in different sectors so founders don’t have to reinvent the wheel anymore. The first episode is out now - we over better dating apps, references as a service, and WeWork for productivity Watch and Subscribe on Substack: https://requestforstartups.substack.com/p/receipt-based-dating-reference-checks Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/request-for-startups-with-erik-torenberg/id1728659822 Spotify:https://open.spotify.com/show/739L1LR32QI2XyoZlRh5nv ---We're hiring across the board at Turpentine and for Erik's personal team on other projects he's incubating. He's hiring a Chief of Staff, EA, Head of Special Projects, Investment Associate, and more. For a list of JDs, check out: eriktorenberg.com.---SPONSORS: HARMONIC | SHOPIFY🧲 Learn why Craft, Bedrock, NEA and 100s more trust Harmonic’s data to source deals. Harmonic is the most complete startup database, finding new companies as soon as they incorporate and tracking them through IPO. Head to https://bit.ly/harmonicturpentine and make sure to mention Turpentine VC during your demo.SHOPIFY: https://shopify.com/momentofzen for a $1/month trial periodShopify is the global commerce platform that helps you sell at every stage of your business. Shopify powers 10% of all e-commerce in the US. And Shopify’s the global force behind Allbirds, Rothy’s, and Brooklinen, and 1,000,000s of other entrepreneurs across 175 countries. From their all-in-one e-commerce platform, to their in-person POS system – wherever and whatever you’re selling, Shopify’s got you covered. With free Shopify Magic, sell more with less effort by whipping up captivating content that converts – from blog posts to product descriptions using AI. Sign up for $1/month trial period: https://shopify.com/momentofzen---LINKS:Samo’s Bismarck Brief: https://brief.bismarckanalysis.com/---X / TWITTER:@eriktorenberg@samoburja@turpentinemedia---TIMESTAMPS:(00:00) Intro (00:54) Reflections on Kissinger's Career and Influence(02:15) Understanding Kissinger's Approach to World Order(06:43) Kissinger's Realism: A Deeper Look(09:30) Kissinger's Legacy and Influence on Modern Diplomacy(09:57) Applying Kissinger's Lens to Modern Foreign Policy(18:35) Sponsor: Shopify(23:44) Meritocracy(29:00) The Role of Academia in Shaping Statesmen(29:50) Simple Credos(32:00) The Nixon Tapes: A Historical Perspective(33:00) The Role of Meritocracy and Sameness in American System(34:00) The Struggles of India and the Influence of Lee Kuan Yew, former PM of Singapore(35:15) Critiques of Kissinger's Policies(42:45) The Blunt Realities of War and Politics(50:00) The Influence of Kissinger on Modern Foreign Policy--This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

13 Dec 202354min

On Nuclear Weapons, e/acc, and Global Energy Supply

On Nuclear Weapons, e/acc, and Global Energy Supply

On today's episode of Live Players, Samo Burja and Erik Torenberg dive into all things nuclear. They cover the historical role of coal and oil in shaping global conflicts, the inevitability of nuclear proliferation, and the challenges of scaling nuclear energy. They also discuss the inevitability of nuclear weapons and Samo proposes a strategy to mitigate the risks associated.Live Players is part of the Turpentine podcast network. Learn more: www.turpentine.co---Check out Erik's new show Request for Startups featuring a rotating cast of founders and investors (including Dan) sharing their requests for startups they want to exist in the world, and also their stories of navigating the idea maze in different sectors so founders don’t have to reinvent the wheel anymore. The first episode is out now - we over better dating apps, references as a service, and WeWork for productivity Watch and Subscribe on Substack: https://requestforstartups.substack.com/p/receipt-based-dating-reference-checks Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/request-for-startups-with-erik-torenberg/id1728659822 Spotify:https://open.spotify.com/show/739L1LR32QI2XyoZlRh5nv ---We're hiring across the board at Turpentine and for Erik's personal team on other projects he's incubating. He's hiring a Chief of Staff, EA, Head of Special Projects, Investment Associate, and more. For a list of JDs, check out: eriktorenberg.com.---SPONSORS: HARMONIC | SECUREFRAME🧲 Learn why Craft, Bedrock, NEA and 100s more trust Harmonic’s data to source deals. Harmonic is the most complete startup database, finding new companies as soon as they incorporate and tracking them through IPO. Head to https://bit.ly/harmonicturpentine and make sure to mention Turpentine VC during your demo.Secureframe: the only compliance automation platform with AI capabilities that help customers speed up cloud remediation and security questionnaires. Get 20% off your first year of Secureframe by mentioning "The Riff" during your free demo: https://secureframe.com/riff---LINKS:Samo’s Bismarck Brief: https://brief.bismarckanalysis.com/---X / TWITTER:@eriktorenberg@samoburja@turpentinemedia---TIMESTAMPS:(00:00) Intro(00:55) How energy impacts geopolitics(02:43) Coal is extremely regional as an energy source(04:32) Oil is evenly distributed around the world(08:16) Fracking deconstrains energy(10:09) Nuclear enters the story in 1945(16:38) When the great powers of the world limit nuclear proliferation.(18:14) Making nuclear energy affordable(21:27) Our energy needs are kind of trivial and we should be a nuclear civilization by now(23:30) Sponsor - Secureframe(24:28) Nuclear acceleration is inevitable(37:46) The US might as well reap the benefits from building cheap and abundant nuclear energy(47:34) Is the only way we get the abundance that comes with nuclear energy is to increase the risk of nuclear war?(55:02] On free export of nuclear technology across countries(57:27) Wrap--This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

6 Dec 202357min

Live Players: Sam Altman, Peter Thiel, Elon Musk, George Soros

Live Players: Sam Altman, Peter Thiel, Elon Musk, George Soros

In the inaugural episode of the Live Players podcast, Samo Burja and Erik Torenberg dive deep into the concept of a 'live player', a term coined by Samo. He explains a 'live player' as a person who steps away from societal norms, improvises and thinks from first principles, much like successful individuals such as Arnold Schwarzenegger. He emphasizes the importance of live players in driving societal transformation and preventing societal stagnation. They also compare and contrast three prominent live players: Peter Thiel, Sam Altman, and Elon Musk, and discuss their impacts, motivations, and differing views on societal change. Lastly, they evaluate philanthropists like George Soros, Bill Gates, and the Kochs, who transitioned from successful businessmen to major influencers in societal causes.Live Players is part of the Turpentine podcast network. Learn more: www.turpentine.co---Check out Erik's new show Request for Startups featuring a rotating cast of founders and investors (including Dan) sharing their requests for startups they want to exist in the world, and also their stories of navigating the idea maze in different sectors so founders don’t have to reinvent the wheel anymore. The first episode is out now - we over better dating apps, references as a service, and WeWork for productivity Watch and Subscribe on Substack: https://requestforstartups.substack.com/p/receipt-based-dating-reference-checks Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/request-for-startups-with-erik-torenberg/id1728659822 Spotify:https://open.spotify.com/show/739L1LR32QI2XyoZlRh5nv ---We're hiring across the board at Turpentine and for Erik's personal team on other projects he's incubating. He's hiring a Chief of Staff, EA, Head of Special Projects, Investment Associate, and more. For a list of JDs, check out: eriktorenberg.com.---SPONSORS: HARMONIC | SECUREFRAME🧲 Learn why Craft, Bedrock, NEA and 100s more trust Harmonic’s data to source deals. Harmonic is the most complete startup database, finding new companies as soon as they incorporate and tracking them through IPO. Head to https://bit.ly/harmonicturpentine and make sure to mention Turpentine VC during your demo.SECUREFRAMESecureframe: the only compliance automation platform with AI capabilities that help customers speed up cloud remediation and security questionnaires. Get 20% off your first year of Secureframe by mentioning "The Riff" during your free demo: https://secureframe.com/riff---LINKS:Samo’s Bismarck Brief: https://brief.bismarckanalysis.com/---X / TWITTER:@eriktorenberg@samoburja@turpentinemedia---TIMESTAMPS:(00:00) Introduction(00:08) Understanding the Concept of 'Live Players'(00:22) The Role of Conventions in Society(01:33) The Rarity of 'Live Players' and Their Impact(01:52) Arnold Schwarzenegger: A Live Player(03:21) Background of the Podcast Host(04:01) The Importance of Historical Knowledge(08:54) Reflections on Energy Transition(13:47) Discussion on Sam Altman and OpenAI(20:56) Comparing Live Players: Sam Altman, Elon Musk, and Peter Thiel(21:30) Sponsor: Secureframe(27:30) Understanding Different Perspectives on Capitalism(28:14) The Role of Live Players in Society(29:37) The Importance of Live Players in Innovation and Change(32:17) The Concept of a Live Players Academy(37:53) The Evolution of Live Players Over Time(42:20) The Transition from Capitalism to Philanthropy(50:31) The Paradox of Open Society AdvocatesThis show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

29 Nov 202353min

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