Cuba Ep. 7: How Cuban Socialism Works w/ Helen Yaffe

Helen Yaffe joins us for a conversation exploring what the attempts to build socialism in Cuba look like in a practical sense—from housing to food distribution to economic management. Helen Yaffe is a professor of Latin American political economy at the University of Glasgow. She is the author of We Are Cuba! How a Revolutionary People Have Survived in a Post-Soviet World, and Che Guevara: The Economics of Revolution. She is also the cohost of the Cuba Analysis podcast and the documentary Cuba's Life Task: combating climate change.

The episode begins by bringing back the lens and exploring what we mean when we talk about socialism and communism and transitional states, inserting the centrality of development and underdevelopment into the conversation of building socialism and situating Cuba into this framework. We break down the main components of Cuban socialism, which include central planning, the decentralization of feedback mechanisms (deep democracy), the commitment to social welfare with a particular emphasis on medical advancements and technology, science, etc.

We then break down how these components existed within the different stages of Cuba's attempts to lay the foundations for socialism, focusing on the different experiments with their economic management system from the 1960s to the early 1990s as Cuba pulled towards and then away from the Soviet economic management model and what this meant.

We then explore the concept of motivation and salaries and how this works under socialism without profit incentives or wage incentives or other material incentives, exploring how Cuba navigated these issues by focusing specifically on its salary system. We go on to discuss the complexities of how housing and food distribution is arranged under Cuba's socialist system and the challenges that Cuba faced during the period leading up to the collapse of the Soviet Union, which is where we will pick up the conversation with Helen next week in our Patreon episode exploring Cuba's "Special Period."

Although the episodes in our series build on each other in certain ways, all of our series are designed so that each episode can be listened to as a standalone.

Further resources:

• We Are Cuba! How a Revolutionary People Have Survived in a Post-Soviet World
• Che Guevara: The Economics of Revolution
• Critique of the Gotha Programme, Karl Marx 1875
• The Power Of Community: How Cuba Survived Peak Oil (2006)
• Cuban Bees: The Organic Revolution

Related episodes:

• Listen to our ongoing series on Cuba
• The Long Transition Towards Socialism and the End of Capitalism w/ Torkil Lauesen

Intermission music: "Baila con mi Rumba" by Roberto Carcassés

Upstream is entirely listener funded. No ads, no promotions, no grants—just Patreon subscriptions and listener donations. We couldn't keep this project going without your support. Subscribe to our Patreon for bi-weekly bonus episodes, access to our entire back catalog of Patreon episodes, and for Upstream stickers and bumper stickers at certain subscription tiers. Through your support you'll be helping us keep Upstream sustainable and helping to keep this whole project going—socialist political education podcasts are not easy to fund so thank you in advance for the crucial support. patreon.com/upstreampodcast

For more from Upstream, visit www.upstreampodcast.org and follow us on Instagram and Bluesky. You can also subscribe to us on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen to your favorite podcasts.